Failure Type Analysis, Mitigation, and Recommendation Using Slope Stability Radar at PT. Kuansing Inti Makmur to Enhance Sustainable Mining

Abstract

Ensuring slope stability is critical in open-pit coal mining due to its implications for operational safety, infrastructure protection, and environmental impact. This study investigates the implementation of Slope Stability Radar (SSR) technology at PT Kuansing Inti Makmur, focusing on identifying and analyzing three distinct types of slope failures commonly found in mining environments: creep, rilling, and rockfall. By leveraging real-time SSR data—including deformation, velocity, coherence, and range parameters—each failure mechanism is characterized based on its distinct geotechnical signature and temporal behavior. The results show that creep failures exhibit progressive displacement patterns, rilling events are marked by sudden, high-magnitude shifts, and rockfalls manifest as abrupt detachment events with rapid recovery signals. Based on these observations, targeted mitigation strategies are proposed, including slope regrading, drainage control, catchment design, and the application of geotechnical reinforcements. Practical recommendations for safe working distances, inspection intervals, and emergency response protocols are also outlined. This research demonstrates that integrating SSR monitoring with geotechnical analysis significantly enhances failure prediction accuracy and operational safety. These findings highlight the urgency of adopting advanced monitoring systems to support sustainable and resilient open-pit mining practices.